Cytosolic and membranebound forms of glutathione s transferase are encoded by two distinct supergene families. The glutathione stransferase activity researchuseonly kit is a fluorescent activity assay designed for the quantification and detection of glutathione stransferase activity in serum, plasma, urine and cell lysates. Gutathione stransferase inhibitors agonists modulators. Glutathione stransferase definition of glutathione s. The human gsta1 shows a high degree of homology with rat gsta5. Incubation of s4bromo2,3dioxobutyl glutathione sbdbg, a reactive analogue of glutathione, with the 11 isoenzyme of rat liver glutathione stransferase at ph 6. An increase in serum alpha glutathione s transferase concentration gst has been shown to be a more sensitive and specific marker of hepatocellular damage than equivalent increases in. Variability of glutathione stransferase alpha in human. Qin liao college of life science and technology, jinan university, shipai, guangzhou 510632, peoples republic of china. Ligand effects on the fluorescence properties of tyrosine9 in alpha 11 glutathione stransferase.
Glutathione stransferase that catalyzes the nucleophilic attack of the sulfur atom of. However, this feature is also exploited by cancer cells to acquire drug resistance and improve their survival. Gsts catalyse the transfer of the tripeptide glutathione gammaglutamylcysteinylglycine. From ncbi gene cytosolic and membranebound forms of glutathione stransferase are encoded by two distinct supergene families.
It has been identified as a powerful detoxification agent consisting of three important building blocks or amino acids that include glutamine, cysteine and glycine. Identification of cdnas encoding two human alpha class glutathione transferases gsta3 and gsta4 and the heterologous expression of gsta44. Glutathione stransferase substrates by enzyme sigmaaldrich. Among all gsts, glutathione stransferase pi 1 gstp1 is involved in cellular existence and apoptotic cell death via mitogenactivated protein map kinase pathway. Mammalian gsts have been classified into five distinct gene families. There are a number of ongoing omic programs using proteomic. Modulation of glutathione stransferase alpha by hepatitis. It is distributed predominantly in the liver and kidney, comprises 510% of the soluble. Cytosolic gsts are divided into classes based upon their structure. Glutathione stransferase background glutathione stransferases gsts, previously known as ligandins, comprise a family of eukaryotic and prokaryotic phase ii metabolic isozymes best known for their ability to catalyze the conjugation of the reduced form of glutathione gsh to xenobiotic substrates for the purpose of detoxification. Glutathione stransferases gsts play a crucial role in detoxification against oxidative damage.
Elisa kit for glutathione s transferase alpha 2 gsta2. Phosphoimager and the molecular analyst biorad software program. Glutathionestransferase gst assay kit sufficient for. Genetic polymorphisms in cyp2e1, gsta1 and gstp1 genes, affecting enzymes activity, may possibly influence the hepatotoxic effect of sevoflurane. Glutathione stransferase alpha 3 how is glutathione s. Introduction glutathione s transferase gst has multiple isoforms. Glutathione s transferase omega 1 gsto1 is an atypical gst isoform that is overexpressed in several cancers and has been implicated in drug resistance. Aspartate enzymelinked immunosorbent assay enzymology glutathione transferase liver organ transplantation thiols transplantation of organs, tissues.
Interpro provides functional analysis of proteins by classifying them into families and predicting domains and important sites. Glutathione stransferases gsts are soluble proteins with typical molecular masses of around 50kda, each composed of two polypeptide subunits. Analysis of the glutathione s transferase gst gene family. This complete, readytouse kit includes black 96well plates, glutathione stra. The percentage of chloramphenicol conversion to its acetylated metabolites was determined for each sample in at least three independent experiments. Gst class alpha member 5, glutathione stransferase a5, glutathione stransferase a5 5, glutathione transferase a5, ghs transferase, gst 1b1b, gst a22, gst ya2, glutathione stransferase ya subunit, glutathione stransferase ya2, glutathione stransferase alpha 2, glutathione transferase ya subunit. This assay is specific for glutathione stransferase alpha gsta and is not known to cross react with the mu, pi, or theta variants. Enzymatic activities are based on the conjugation of reduced glutathione in the presence of a second substrate. It catalyzes the conjugation of the reduced form of glutathione gsh to xenobiotic substrates for the purpose of detoxification. The cytosolic gsts belong to a large superfamily, with members located on different chromosomes.
Gsta2 elisa kit human glutathione s transferase alpha 2 gsta2. This gene encodes a glutathione s transferase belonging to the alpha class. Glutathione s transferase alpha for research use only introduction glutathione s transferase gst has multiple isoforms. Incubation of s 4bromo2,3dioxobutyl glutathione s bdbg, a reactive analogue of glutathione, with the 11 isoenzyme of rat liver glutathione s transferase at ph 6. Modulation of glutathione stransferase alpha by hepatitis b virus and the chemopreventive drug oltipraz. In human and rodent liver, gst alpha is the predominant form expressed, and gst pi protein is not found in normal adult hepatocytes. Gst isoenzymes are ubiquitously distributed in nature, being found in organisms as diverse as microbes, insects, plants, fish, birds, and mammals 61. We combine protein signatures from a number of member databases into a single searchable resource, capitalising on their individual strengths to produce a powerful integrated database and diagnostic tool. Gsta5 glutathione stransferase alpha 5 gene gtr ncbi.
Modulation of glutathione stransferase alpha by hepatitis b virus. About this assay caymans glutathione stransferase assay kit measures total gst activity cytosolic and microsomal by measuring the conjugation of 1chloro2,4dinitrobenzene cdnb with. Gsh to a cosubstrate rx containing a reactive electrophillic centre to form a polar sglutathionylated reaction product rsg. Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles. This complete, readytouse kit includes black 96well plate s, glutathione s tra. Glutathione s transferase gst is a group of cytoplasmic enzymes that catalyze the conjugation of gsh with various electrophiles and plays an important role in the protection of germ cells from xenobiotics 144. At present, eight distinct classes of the soluble cytoplasmic mammalian glutathione stransferases have been identified. Gsto1 glutathione stransferase omega1 homo sapiens. Atlas of genetics and cytogenetics in oncology and haematology home genes leukemias solid tumors cancerprone deep insight case reports journals portal teaching. Glutathione stransferase substrates by enzyme sigma.
Glutathione stransferase an overview sciencedirect topics. Modulation of glutathione stransferase alpha by hepatitis b. It is distributed predominantly in the liver and kidney, comprises 510 % of the soluble. Glutathione stransferases, previously known as ligandins, comprise a family of eukaryotic and prokaryotic phase ii metabolic isozymes best known for their ability to catalyze the conjugation of the reduced form of glutathione to xenobiotic substrates for the purpose of detoxification. The early nomenclature for gsts referred to them as y proteins, referring to their separation in the y fraction as opposed to the x and z fractions using sephadex g75 chromatography. This gene encodes a glutathione s tranferase belonging to the alpha class. At present, eight distinct classes of the soluble cytoplasmic mammalian glutathione s transferases have been identified. Alternative splicing database asd splice patterns sp for gsta5 gene. Herein, we report the experimental results of the inhibition effects of some phenolic compounds such as 2,4,6trihydroxybenzaldehyde, 3,4dihydroxy 5 methoxybenzoic acid, serotonin hydrochloride on alpha amylase, alpha glycosidase, acetylcholinesterase ache, butyrylcholinesterase bche and glutathione s transferase gst enzymes. Impact of cyp2e1, gsta1 and gstp1 gene variants on serum. Glutathione stransferases gsts, previously known as ligandins, comprise a family of. Gst concentration has been used as a marker of hepatic condition. Variability of glutathione stransferase alpha in human liver and plasma. The glutathione stransferase assay kit utilizes 1chloro2,4dinitrobenze ne cdnb, which is suitable for the broadest range of gst isozymes.
Participates in the biotransformation of inorganic arsenic and reduces monomethylarsonic acid mma and dimethylarsonic acid. Therefore, if a human glutathione stransferase is a homodimer in the piclass subfamily 1, its name will be written as hgstp11. Gsta1 glutathione stransferase a1 homo sapiens human. Glutathione stransferase alpha expressed in porcine sertoli cells. Glutathione stransferases gst are responsible for the cellular. A new class of glutathione stransferase from the hepatopancreas of the red sea bream pagrus. Mechanistic evaluation and transcriptional signature of a. Gsta is a common biomarker for hepatocellular damage. Glutathione transferase classical gsh conjugation activity plays a critical role in cellular detoxification against xenobiotics and noxious compounds as well as against oxidative stress. Mouse glutathione s transferase alpha 1gsta1 elisa cat.
Therapeutic effect of hydrogen peroxide via altered. Kt16414 intended use this elisa kit is a sandwich enzyme immunoassay for the in vitro quantitative measurement of mouse gsta1 in serum, plasma and other biological fluids. R may be an aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic group. The glutathione stransferases gsts represent an important group of. A chimeric enzyme gst121 of the human alpha glutathione s transferases gst11 and gst22, which has improved catalytic efficiency and thermostability from its wildtype parent proteins, has been crystallized in a space group that is isomorphous wit. Alpha gsts in all species are designated as gsta1gsta5. These enzymes catalyze the reaction of such com pounds fig. Gsta5 glutathione stransferase a5 homo sapiens human. The 25 kda gst subunits encoded by two genes gsta1 and gsta2 have been identified as alpha class gsts. The transferases displayed various activities and participate in several different types of reaction.
The fact that gsts represent as much as 5% of the cytosolic protein in the liver. Glutathione stransferase a1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the gsta1 gene. Cytosolic and membranebound forms of glutathione stransferase are encoded by two distinct supergene families. Also catalyses the addition of aliphatic epoxides and arene oxides to glutathione, the reduction of polyol nitrate by glutathione to polyol and nitrile, certain isomerization reactions and disulfide interchange. These enzymes function in the detoxification of electrophilic compounds, including carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins and products of oxidative stress, by conjugation with glutathione. Gsta1 glutathione stransferase alpha 1 atlas of genetics. Glutathione s transferase background glutathione s transferases gsts, previously known as ligandins, comprise a family of eukaryotic and prokaryotic phase ii metabolic isozymes best known for their ability to catalyze the conjugation of the reduced form of glutathione gsh to xenobiotic substrates for the purpose of detoxification. The alpha class genes, which are located in a cluster on chromosome 6, are highly related and encode enzymes with glutathione peroxidase activity that function in the detoxification of lipid peroxidation products. The glutathione system is key to optimal detoxification. Exhibits glutathione dependent thiol transferase and dehydroascorbate reductase activities.
Gsta5 glutathione stransferase alpha 5 is a protein coding gene. Search thousands of articles and collaborate with scientists around the globe. Gst class alpha member 5, glutathione stransferase a5, glutathione stransferase a5 5. Gutathione stransferase inhibitors with high purity are used in various assays for cancer and other research areas, cited by top publications, some have entered clinical trials. Glutathione s transferase gst is a vital enzyme, that is separate from glutathione gsh, the master antioxidant and the main subject of this website. Glutathione stransferase, alpha class ipr003080 interpro entry. Buy gsta2 elisa kit, human glutathione s transferase alpha 2 gsta2 elisa. Usa home product directory biochemicals and reagents enzymes, inhibitors, and substrates enzyme substrates substrates by enzyme glutathione stransferase life science home life. Matrices listed below were spiked with certain level of recombinant glutathione s transferase alpha 2 gsta2 and the recovery rates were calculated by comparing the measured value to the expected amount of glutathione s transferase alpha 2 gsta2 in samples. The gene codes for a protein, glutathione s transferase gst, previously known as a ligandin. Glutathione stransferase gst catalyzes the addition of the glutathione thiol group to a suitable electrophilic species. After sevoflurane anaesthesia a mild impairment of hepatocellular integrity was observed.
The glutathione s transferase activity researchuseonly kit is a fluorescent activity assay designed for the quantification and detection of glutathione s transferase activity in serum, plasma, urine and cell lysates. These enzymes function in the detoxification of electrophilic compounds, including carcinogens, therapeutic drugs. For additional information on gsts, see gsta1 8359. Members of the gst superfamily are extremely diverse in amino acid sequence, and a. Usa home product directory biochemicals and reagents enzymes, inhibitors, and substrates enzyme substrates substrates by enzyme glutathione s transferase life science home life science products. Between the two domains is a short variable linker region of 510 residues. This assay is specific for glutathione s transferase alpha gsta and is not known to cross react with the mu, pi, or theta variants. What is glutathione, it is a compound containing sulfur that is the most effective antioxidant naturally found in the human body. Glutathione stransferases gsts are a family of detoxification isoenzymes. Imagine a global collaborative knowledge base for original thoughts. Glutathione s transferase gst is an enzyme that aids in detoxification. Gst as an early index of carbon tetrachloride ccl4 toxicity in the rat was investigated and compared with a standard enzyme marker, aspartate aminotransferase ast. The hepatotoxic effects of ccl 4 in the rat were determined in a time and doseresponse study. Ipr036282 glutathione stransferase, cterminal domain superfamily.
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